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Subjunctive

The subjunctive: 'They insisted that he be there' and fixed phrases like 'be that as it may'

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The rulesHow to use the subjunctive in English

The English subjunctive is the base form of the verb (be, go, have) for every person. At this level it appears in two places: after words that express a demand or a proposal, and in a few fixed phrases.

  • After verbs of demand and proposal

    demand, insist, recommend, suggest, propose, request, order + that + subject + base form. There is no -s, even after he, she or it.

    The union demanded that the director resign.

    We recommend that every guest book in advance.

  • After adjectives and nouns of importance

    essential, vital, crucial, imperative + that, and nouns like demand, proposal, recommendation.

    It is crucial that no one be left behind.

    The proposal that taxes be raised was rejected.

  • Negatives and passives

    not goes straight before the base form, with no do; the passive is be + past participle.

    The minister asked that his name not be published.

    The union insists that its members be consulted.

  • Should + base form

    also correct, and common in British English. In informal British English you will also hear the ordinary present (that he resigns), but formal writing uses the base form.

    The union demanded that the director should resign.

  • Fixed phrases

    a few expressions keep the old subjunctive, and their words never change.

    So be it: if they want a fight, they'll get one.

    Were it not for the bridge, the village would be cut off.

Common mistakes

  • ✗ The doctor recommended that she takes a week off.✓ The doctor recommended that she take a week off.Base form for every person: no -s. That she should take is also correct.
  • ✗ They suggested me to apply for the job.✓ They suggested that I apply for the job.Suggest never takes object + to + infinitive.
  • ✗ Be as it may, we need a decision.✓ Be that as it may, we need a decision.

Exercise 1: Fill the gaps

Write the correct form of the verb in brackets.

0/10 answered
  1. 1.

    The board has recommended that the factory (close) by the end of the year.

  2. 2.

    It is vital that the patient (not / eat) anything before the operation.

  3. 3.

    Her lawyer requested that she (be) allowed to speak to the press.

  4. 4.

    The residents are demanding that the council (take) action before someone gets hurt.

  5. 5.

    I propose that the meeting (postpone) until next week.

  6. 6.

    (be) that as it may, the decision has already been made.

  7. 7.

    (come) what may, we're opening the restaurant in June.

  8. 8.

    Suffice (it / say) that the trip didn't go as planned.

  9. 9.

    Far (be) it from me to tell you how to raise your children, but you're being too strict.

  10. 10.

    The judge ordered that the evidence (destroy) immediately.

Exercise 2: Rewrite the sentence

Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first. Use the word in capitals and don't change it.

0/8 answered
  1. 1.

    'You really must stay for dinner,' she said to us.INSISTED

    She for dinner.

    2–5 words, including the word in capitals.

  2. 2.

    The doctor told him he should get more rest.RECOMMENDED

    The doctor more rest.

    2–5 words, including the word in capitals.

  3. 3.

    Everyone must be informed of the changes; this is essential.ESSENTIAL

    It informed of the changes.

    2–6 words, including the word in capitals.

  4. 4.

    Even so, I still think we should try.BE

    may, I still think we should try.

    2–4 words, including the word in capitals.

  5. 5.

    Whatever happens, I'll be there for you.COME

    , I'll be there for you.

    2–3 words, including the word in capitals.

  6. 6.

    They suggested building the new hospital outside the city.BE

    They suggested that the new hospital outside the city.

    2–3 words, including the word in capitals.

  7. 7.

    I don't want to criticise, but your report is much too long.FAR

    to criticise, but your report is much too long.

    2–5 words, including the word in capitals.

  8. 8.

    If it weren't for her support, the project would collapse.WERE

    her support, the project would collapse.

    2–4 words, including the word in capitals.

Exercise 3: Find the mistake

Some sentences have one mistake and some are correct. Find the mistakes and correct them.

Tap the wrong word. If the mistake is more than one word, tap the first and then the last. Type the correct version (leave it empty to delete). If the sentence is fine, choose No mistake.

0/9 answered
  1. 1.

  2. 2.

  3. 3.

  4. 4.

  5. 5.

  6. 6.

  7. 7.

  8. 8.

  9. 9.

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